Roger of Wendover is known to have incorporated Northumbrian annals into his version; the Chronicle does not mention these events. [25], Carolingian support may have been one of the factors that helped Ecgberht achieve the military successes of the late 820s. A fifteenth century chronicle now held by Oxford University names Ecgberht's wife as Redburga who was supposedly a relative of Charlemagne who he married when he was banished to Francia, but this is dismissed by academic historians in view of its late date. Æthelberht, King Of Wessex's nieces and nephews: Æthelberht, King Of Wessex's nephew was King Edward The Elder, King of the Anglo-Saxons Æthelberht, King Of Wessex's niece was Æthelgifu Æthelberht, King Of Wessex's niece was Elfleda Æthelberht, King Of Wessex's niece was Æthelflæd, Queen Of Mercia Æthelberht, King Of Wessex's nephew was Edmund Thomson Æthelberht, King Of Wessex… However, Wessex did retain control of Kent, Sussex, and Surrey; these territories were given to Ecgberht's son Æthelwulf to rule as a subking under Ecgberht. [25][39] In East Anglia, King Æthelstan minted coins, possibly as early as 827, but more likely c. 830 after Ecgberht's influence was reduced with Wiglaf's return to power in Mercia. The referenced pedigree is provided in the genealogical preface to the Winchester (Pa… These agreements, along with a later charter in which Æthelwulf confirmed church privileges, suggest that the church had recognised that Wessex was a new political power that must be dealt with. A document from Kent survives which gives the date, March 826, as being in the third year of the reign of Beornwulf. [28] The outcome in East Anglia was a disaster for the Mercians which confirmed West Saxon power in the southeast. Beornwulf's motivation to launch an attack would have been the threat of unrest or instability in the southeast: the dynastic connections with Kent made Wessex a threat to Mercian dominance. This is supported by the genealogical preface from the A text of the Chronicle, which gives Ecgberht's father's name as Ealhmund without further details. Charters indicate Wiglaf had authority in Middlesex and Berkshire, and in a charter of 836 Wiglaf uses the phrase "my bishops, duces, and magistrates" to describe a group that included eleven bishops from the episcopate of Canterbury, including bishops of sees in West Saxon territory. Under Egbert, Wessex rose to become the most powerful of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, overthrowing the supremacy of Mercia.. A somewhat difficult question has arisen as to the parentage of Egbert. In the 780s Ecgberht was forced into exile to Charlemagne's court in the Frankish Empire by Offa of Mercia and Beorhtric of Wessex, but on Beorhtric's death in 802 Ecgberht returned and took the throne. Egbert was King of Wessex, 802-827 and was the first King of [25] The details of Anglo-Saxon expansion into Cornwall are quite poorly recorded, but some evidence comes from place names. Parents. According to a later chronicler, William of Malmesbury, Ecgberht learned the arts of government during his time in Gaul. He conquered the neighboring kingdoms of Kent, Cornwall, and Mercia, and by 830 he was also acknowledged as sovereign of East Anglia, Sussex, Surrey, and Northumbria and was given the title of Bretwalda (Anglo-Saxon, "ruler of the British"). [42] The river Ottery, which flows east into the Tamar near Launceston, appears to be a boundary: south of the Ottery the placenames are overwhelmingly Cornish, whereas to the north they are more heavily influenced by the English newcomers. His succession was contested by Ecgberht, but he was defeated by Beorhtric, maybe with Offa's assistance. The son of Ealhmund, king in Kent in 784 and 786, Egbert was a member of a family that had formerly held the West Egbert of Wessex (l. c. 770-839 CE, r. 802-839 CE; also given as Ecgberht, Ecbert) was the most powerful and influential king of Wessex prior to the reign of Alfred the Great (r. 871-899 CE). Ecgberht (771/775 – 839), also spelled Egbert, Ecgbert, or Ecgbriht, was King of Wessex from 802 until his death in 839. [25], The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle does not say who was the aggressor at Ellandun, but one recent history asserts that Beornwulf was almost certainly the one who attacked. Little is known of the first 20 years of Ecgberht's reign, but it is thought that he was able to maintain the independence of Wessex against the kingdom of Mercia, which at that time dominated the other southern English kingdoms. ‡ Also monarch of Wessex, Kent, Sussex and Mercia. For other people with the same name, see Ealhmund. The previous seven bretwaldas are also named by the Chronicler, who gives the same seven names that Bede lists as holding imperium, starting with Ælle of Sussex and ending with Oswiu of Northumbria. The year before his death he defeated a combined force of Danes and Cornish at Hingston Down in Cornwall. He was expelled from England in 789 by Offa, King of Mercia, and Beohtric, King of Wessex who dominated Kent. Ecgberht was the youngest son of King Aethelred, known as Unready and his wife Aelfgifu of York. This battle marked the end of the Mercian domination of southern England. Historians do not agree on Ecgberht's ancestry. Wessex retained control of the south-eastern kingdoms, with the possible exception of Essex, and Mercia did not regain control of East Anglia. However, the Rhenish and Frankish commercial networks collapsed at some time in the 820s or 830s, and in addition, a rebellion broke out in February 830 against Louis the Pious—the first of a series of internal conflicts that lasted through the 830s and beyond. The conquered territories were administered as a subkingdom for a while, including Surrey and possibly Essex. In the 780s Egbert was forced into exile by Offa of Mercia and Beorhtric of Wessex, but on Beorhtric's death in 802 Egbert returned and took the throne. He was descended from Ingeld, brother of Ine of Wessex. [25], The consequences of Ellandun went beyond the immediate loss of Mercian power in the southeast. Evidence of the relationship between kings can come from charters, which were documents which granted land to followers or to churchmen, and which were witnessed by the kings who had power to grant the land. Wessex becomes the dominant kingdom. Family tree for Ecgberht, son of King Aethelred the Unready showing: parents [35], In 830, Ecgberht led a successful expedition against the Welsh, almost certainly with the intent of extending West Saxon influence into the Welsh lands previously within the Mercian orbit. [12] The extent of Offa's control of Kent between 765 and 776 is a matter of debate amongst historians, but from 776 until about 784 it appears that the Kentish kings had substantial independence from Mercia. He married Rædburh of Francia in Wessex. [25] Churchmen consecrated the king at coronation ceremonies, and helped to write the wills which specified the king's heir; their support had real value in establishing West Saxon control and a smooth succession for Ecgberht's line. This requires assuming that the error in transcription is common to every manuscript of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle; many historians make this assumption but others have rejected it as unlikely, given the consistency of the sources. [2] Ecgberht's descent from Ingild was accepted by Frank Stenton, but not the earlier genealogy back to Cerdic. Ecgbert's descendants ruled Wessex and, later, all of England continuously until 1013. Ecgberht (771/775 – 839), also spelled Egbert, Ecgbert, or Ecgbriht, Ecgbeorht, was King of Wessex from 802 until his death in 839. [25], Both Wessex's sudden rise to power in the late 820s, and the subsequent failure to retain this dominant position, have been examined by historians looking for underlying causes. Ecgberht was the son of Ealhmund, the Under-king of Kent. Cenwulf did have overlordship of the rest of southern England, but in Cenwulf's charters the title of "overlord of the southern English" never appears, presumably in consequence of the independence of the kingdom of Wessex. [40] Although Æthelwulf was a subking under Ecgberht, it is clear that he maintained his own royal household, with which he travelled around his kingdom. Raedburh's son Ethelwulf succeeded Egbert. The earliest version of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the Parker Chronicle, begins with a genealogical preface tracing the ancestry of Ecgberht's son Æthelwulf back through Ecgberht, Ealhmund (thought to be Ealhmund of Kent), and the otherwise unknown Eoppa and Eafa to Ingild, brother of King Ine of Wessex, who abdicated the throne in 726. Weohstan, a Wessex ealdorman, met him with men from Wiltshire;[14] according to a 15th-century source, Weohstan had married Alburga, Ecgberht's sister, and so was his brother-in-law. Æthelwulf drove Baldred, the king of Kent, north over the Thames, and according to the Chronicle, the men of Kent, Essex, Surrey and Sussex then all submitted to Æthelwulf "because earlier they were wrongly forced away from his relatives. In 789 Egbert was driven into exile on the European continent by the West Saxon king Beorhtric and his ally, the powerful Mercian king Offa (d. 796). It may have been delayed until 829, since a later chronicler associates the expulsion with a campaign of Ecgberht's in that year against the Mercians. Aella was born in 824, and was the grandson of Earl Oswald of Lothian.Aella became the king of Northumbria after the deposition of King Osberht of Northumbria, and he seized Billingham, Ileclif, Wigeclif, and … [25], In 829 Ecgberht invaded Mercia and drove Wiglaf, the king of Mercia, into exile. And the same year King Egbert conquered the kingdom of Mercia, and all that was south of the Humber, and he was the eighth king who was 'Wide-ruler'. He died on November 19, 838 in Wessex, England. [5], Ecgberht's wife's name is unknown. Not listed in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, but held equivalent or greater power. This marked the high point of Ecgberht's influence. Ecgberht was unable to maintain this dominant position, and within a year Wiglaf regained the throne of Mercia. The son of Ealhmund, king in Kent in 784 and 786, Egbert was a member of a family that had formerly held the West Saxon kingship. His father was Ealhmund of Kent. Later that year Ecgberht received the submission of the Northumbrian king at Dore. About Egbert of Wessex: Probably born as early as 770 but possibly as late as 780, Egbert was the son of Ealhmund (or Elmund), who, according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, had been a king in Kent in 784. [12], Cynewulf was murdered in 786. Under the year 825, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle states that in his eastern … [43], At a council at Kingston upon Thames in 838, Ecgberht and Æthelwulf granted land to the sees of Winchester and Canterbury in return for the promise of support for Æthelwulf's claim to the throne. He fled to Charlemagne's court, where he married Redburh with whom he had at least three children. 8th and 9th-century Anglo-Saxon King of Wessex. [15] It is possible that the young Ecgberht fled to Wessex in 785 or so; it is suggestive that the Chronicle mentions in a later entry that Beorhtric, Cynewulf's successor, helped Offa to exile Ecgberht. P. Wormald, "The Age of Bede and Æthelbald", in Campbell et al.. E.g. [28][37][44] The archbishop of Canterbury, Ceolnoth, also accepted Ecgberht and Æthelwulf as the lords and protectors of the monasteries under Ceolnoth's control. Ecgberht died in 839, and his will, according to the account of it found in the will of his grandson, Alfred the Great, left land only to male members of his family, so that the estates should not be lost to the royal house through marriage. [28][38] Wiglaf may also have brought Essex back into the Mercian orbit during the years after he recovered the throne. Egbert was possibly born in Kent, “the son of the short-lived ruler of that kingdom called Eahlmund r. 784-785 CE” (Collins,196). He was slain, however, as was his successor, Ludeca, who invaded East Anglia in 827, evidently for the same reason. [45] Both the record of the Council of Kingston, and another charter of that year, include the identical phrasing: that a condition of the grant is that "we ourselves and our heirs shall always hereafter have firm and unshakable friendships from Archbishop Ceolnoth and his congregation at Christ Church. He is reputed to be the father of King Egbert who was King of Wessex and, later, King of Kent. He married Osburga Oslacsdotter in 0855. The preface probably dates from the late ninth century; the marginal note is on the F manuscript of the Chronicle, which is a Kentish version dating from about 1100. It continues back to Cerdic, founder of the House of Wessex. From the scrolls, Athelstan conveys to Ecbert detailed accounts of the battlefield str… In 829 he defeated Wiglaf of Mercia and drove him out of his kingdom, temporarily ruling Mercia directly. [36], Ecgberht's dominion over southern England came to an end with Wiglaf's recovery of power. Timeline for King Egbert (Ecgberht) (802 - 839), Egbert returns from exile in Charlemagne and becomes King of Wessex. The list is often thought to be incomplete, omitting as it does some dominant Mercian kings such as Penda and Offa. There is general concensus amount the Anglo-Saxon Chroniclers that Ealhmund of Kent ruled as King of Kent at least in the year 784, when he issued a royal charter and that Egbert of Wessex (c769-839) would become the King of Wessex and the descent of English Royalty traces thru him. [19], At the time Ecgberht was in exile, Francia was ruled by Charlemagne, who maintained Frankish influence in Northumbria and is known to have supported Offa's enemies in the south. Ecgberht of Northumbria was the son of King Aelle. Egbert was a son of Ealhmund, the Kentish king, and grandson of king Eafa of Wessex, but not the heir apparent to the Wessex throne. Biography. Egbert (also spelled Ecgberht, Ecgbert or Ecgbriht; 769 or 771 – 839) was King of Wessex from 802 until his death in 839. He died in 0839, in his hometown, at the age of 64, and was buried in Winchester, Hampshire, England. No, he died on 01/01/0839, 1181 years ago. In the 780s Ecgberht was forced into exile to Charlemagne's court in the Frankish Empire by Offa of Mercia and Beorhtric of Wessex, but on Beorhtric's death in 802 Ecgberht returned and took the throne. [6] He is reputed to have had a half-sister Alburga, later to be recognised as a saint for her founding of Wilton Abbey. According to this view, Beornwulf may have taken advantage of the Wessex campaign in Dumnonia in the summer of 825. 470 The Coinage of Ecgbeorht, 802-jg King of Wessex, On Ecgbeorht's fourth group the West Saxon form of the name, ECSBEORHT (with round G), is adopted and this form, as Brooke suggests, may be taken as an indication that the engravers at Canter-bury were increasingly under the supervision of men from Wessex. During the ninth century, Winchester began to show signs of urbanisation, and it is likely that the sequence of burials indicates that Winchester was held in high regard by the West Saxon royal line.[49]. When Ecgberht, King of Wessex was born in 0775, in Wessex, his father, Ealhmund of Kent, was 25 and his mother, Princess of Kent name unknown, was 13. Egbert (771/775–839), also spelled Ecgberht, Ecgbert, or Ecgbriht, was King of Wessex from 802 until his death in 839. This information is part of by on Genealogy Online. Born the son of Ealhmund, Sub-king of Kent. The relevant part of the annal reads, in the C manuscript of the Chronicle:[29]. Historian Heather Edwards has suggested that Ealhmund was probably a Kentish royal scion, whose pedigree was forged to give his son Egbert the descent from Cerdic requisite to reigning in Wessex. [14] Nothing more is recorded of Ecgberht's relations with Mercia for more than twenty years after this battle. Aella of Northumbria (824-867) was the king of Northumbria from 863 to 867, succeeding Osberht of Northumbria and preceding Ecgberht I of Northumbria.. Stenton cites the annal for 839, which says Æthelwulf "granted" or "gave" the kingdom of Kent to his son, as an example of the language that would have been used had Wiglaf been granted the kingdom by Ecgberht. King Egbert of Wessex wins a decisive victory over King Beornwulf of Mercia at Ellendun. He was 70 years old when he died. 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